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Orthodontists can treat smiles at any age, but there is usually
a best age for treatment to begin. An early examination allows the
determination of how and when a child's particular problems should
be treated for a maximum improvement with the least amount of time
and expense. Early treatment may achieve results that are unattainable
once the face and jaws have finished growing. This treatment approach
is considered interceptive or preventative.
Children
sometimes exhibit early signs of jaw problems as they grow and develop.
An upper and lower jaw that is growing too much or not enough, or
is too wide or too narrow can be recognized at an early age. If children
over age six have these jaw discrepancies, they are candidates for
the first phase orthodontic treatment.
Since children
are growing rapidly, they can benefit enormously from the first phase
of orthodontic treatment because specific appliances can be prescribed
that direct the growth of their upper and lower jaws toward an ideal
relationship.
Thus, a good foundation can be established providing adequate room
for eruption of all permanent teeth.
The goals of the
first phase of orthodontic treatment are:
- Influence jaw growth in a positive manner
- Harmonize the width of the dental arches
- Improve eruption patterns
- Decrease the risk of trauma to protruding upper front teeth
- Correct/eliminate harmful oral habits
- Improve esthetics and self-esteem
- Simplify and/or shorten treatment time for later corrective orthodontics
- Reduce the likelihood of impacted permanent teeth
- Improve some speech problems
- Preserve or gain space for erupting permanent teeth
The first phase of treatment lasts approximately one year.
After Phase I is completed, all appliances are removed and the
eruption of your child's permanent teeth will be monitored at office
visits about every four to six months. Retainers may or may not be
recommended during this observation period.
It is important to understand that at the end of the first phase
of treatment, the teeth are not in their final position. This will
be accomplished in the corrective, second phase of treatment.
Each tooth has an exact location in the mouth where it is in harmony
with the lips, cheeks, jaw joints and other teeth. When this equilibrium
is established, the teeth will function together properly. Here,
they will remain healthy and look the most attractive. This is the
goal of the second phase of treatment.
The second phase
of treatment is initiated when most of the permanent teeth have erupted
and usually requires braces on all teeth for approximately eighteen
months.
Short-term, limited orthodontic treatment is available in situations
when a patient is unwilling to undergo comprehensive orthodontic
treatment but wishes to have minor tooth movement to either enhance
their smile or to position a certain tooth prior to the placement
of an implant or bridge. Treatment of this nature may be performed
with braces or removable appliances.
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